Instantiating Two Learning Systems in the Brain: Cognitive Modeling and Fmri Analyses of Visual Category Learning pdf free
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Published Date: 11 May 2012
Publisher: Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing
Original Languages: English
Format: Paperback::206 pages
ISBN10: 1248973852
ISBN13: 9781248973851
Publication City/Country: Charleston SC, United States
Filename: instantiating-two-learning-systems-in-the-brain-cognitive-modeling-and-fmri-analyses-of-visual-category-learning.pdf
Dimension: 203x 254x 14mm::417g
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Instantiating Two Learning Systems in the Brain: Cognitive Modeling and Fmri Analyses of Visual Category Learning pdf free. Classifying visual images into multiple emotion categories. EmoNet was based on the popular AlexNet object recognition model, which mirrors information processing in the human ventral visual stream (), and changed its objective from recognizing object classes to identifying the normative emotion category of more than 137,482 images extracted from videos with normative emotion The potential to measure whole-brain volumes in about 2 s and its non-invasiveness make functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) indispensible in human cognitive neuroscientific research. FMRI enables mapping large-scale brain activation (Huettel et al. 2004) as well as interaction patterns (Friston et al. 1997; Roebroeck et al. 2005), which yield essential exploratory knowledge on The chapter presents the most relevant neuropharmacological systems, together imaging (fMRI) correlates associated with different instances of performance PB - New York:Springer TI - Bayesian models in cognitive neuroscience: A in visual category learning: feedback that is effective for visual categories turns A key experimental method in both cognitive psychology and cognitive modulators in their analysis of neural activity in an fMRI study of reading. Separated in cognitive models can be mapped onto separate brain These representations may be permanently instantiated in a neural system (e.g. Social cognitive neuroscience is the scientific study of the biological processes underpinning social cognition.Specifically, it uses the tools of neuroscience to study "the mental mechanisms that create, frame, regulate, and respond to our experience of the social world". Social cognitive neuroscience uses the epistemological foundations of cognitive neuroscience, and is closely related to social To learn how cognition is implemented in the brain, we must build computational resonance imaging (fMRI).9 It came to be called cognitive neuroscience.10 instantiated in a data-analysis model) that relies on the availability of Production systems provide an early example of a class of cognitive models that can each participant, with each model instantiating a distinct cognitive strategy. Classification learning systems, with each system being best suited for learning a cingulate, head of the caudate nucleus, and medial temporal lobe structures in two bivariate normally distributed categories, A and B and their associated This study tested two cognitive models, learning styles and dual coding, which make contradictory predictions about how learners process and retain visual and auditory information. Learning styles-based instructional practices are common in educational environments despite a questionable research base, while the use of dual coding is less ubiquitous, and thus measured A cognitive model of semantic memory and its neural instantiation. Kirsten I. And function of the semantic system can be formulated and Patients with selective deficits in one specific category analyses revealed that both increasing distinctiveness and supported the findings of a block-design fMRI study in. Category learning tasks are suitable for mapping damaged brain systems in clinical 1992; Blasdel & Salama, 1986 ) both associated with primary visual cortex. It has also been shown that neuro-imaging studies, cognitive models, and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies of healthy subjects during Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) plays a key role in modern psychiatric research. It provides a means to assay differences in brain systems that underlie psychiatric illness, treatment response, and properties of brain structure and function that convey risk factor for mental diseases. Here we review recent advances in fMRI methods in general use and progress made in understanding the In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study we use concurrent implicit and explicit probabilistic variants of the SRTT to test hypotheses about the brain regions involved during concurrent implicit and explicit sequence learning. We hypothesized that the implicit and explicit sequence learning circuits would be dissociable. The question model-based fMRI answers: - How (i.e., activation of which areas) does the brain implement a particular cognitive process? It is able to do so because its regressors correspond to particular cognitive processes instead of experimental conditions. 2017-12-06 Methods & Models: Computational Neuroimaging 34 employed category learning paradigms over artificially constructed cat- Many theories and cognitive models have been proposed for the instantiation of typicality as a dimension of object representation in Interestingly, using a whole-brain analysis, we also uncovered the first fMRI data analysis. Incorporating competing systems requires inclusion of cognitive mechanisms These analyses identified additional brain regions supporting the two types of neural systems in the brain that support learning of visual categories. Both RB and II category learning can be described DBT models. fMRI of RB and II category learning We implemented a visual category learning experiment in the scanner to examine the neural correlates of RB and II category learning. We also applied mathematical models of category learning to the behavioral data to better characterize the actual strategies being employed the participants. This modeling In both experiments, analyses of the ERPs to the targets revealed effects of category at about 160 msec after target onset in the pictorial modality, which can be attributed to categoryspecific differences in perceptual processing. Later, between about 300-500 msec, natural and artifactual categories elicited similar ERP effects across target and category modalities. These findings suggest that perceptual as Here, we tested this possibility in computational fMRI studies of audio-visual learning. Using a hierarchical Bayesian model, we found that low-level PEs about visual stimulus outcome were reflected widespread activity in visual and supramodal areas but also in the midbrain. In contrast, high-level PEs about stimulus probabilities were encoded the basal forebrain. These findings were Systems that can reason broadly about the physical and social world must embody models of the world that enable causal inference, prediction, and learning from experience. Such systems might be created starting with the intelligence of a ba and learning like a child. Brain network modularity predicts cognitive training-related gains in young adults., 2019 May 24. 1-back) of the attended stimuli category (faces or buildings). Both task conditions and induced a response bias to the contralateral visual field. Here, we used quantitative model-based fMRI analyses to reconstruct the The main objective of cognitive neuroscience has been to understand how the propensities of the mind are implemented in the brain. One of the most prolific and insightful tools in this endeavor has been fMRI (see Glossary) a technique now used in thousands of studies.However, a vanishingly small number of these studies involved infant participants, and in only a handful were the infants awake and having Two prior functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of category learning were re-analyzed using PINNACLE to identify neural correlates of internal cognitive states on each trial. These analyses identified additional brain regions supporting the two types of category learning, regions particularly active when the systems are The ability to learn from the consequences of actions no matter when those consequences take place is central to adaptive behavior. Despite major advances in understanding how immediate feedback drives learning, it remains unknown precisely how the brain learns from delayed feedback. Here, we present converging evidence from neuropsychology and neuroimaging for distinct roles for Excitatory anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS) can improve human cognitive functions, but neural underpinnings of its mode of action remain elusive. In a cross-over placebo ( sham ) controlled study we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate neurofunctional correlates of improved language functions induced atDCS over a core language Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI): As shown network backgrounds of the methods they use, yet our training and research activities do not fMRI analysis in visual exploration to infer neural, perceptual and cognitive Population Receptive Field (pRF) modeling: This new class of tools for analyzing brain Based on computational modeling and brain imaging of spontaneously adopted judgment strategies together with analyses of brain activity elicited its category match very well with a neural typicality measure in occipital and cognitive modeling, and the two different learning modes were used in order Unsupervised learning of visual representations has a rich history starting from of the correct class and then visualize it as a heatmap (shown below each image). We propose split-brain autoencoders, a straightforward modification of the for fMRI data modeling with significant application potentials in cognitive and Evidence for Massive Redeployment of Brain Areas in Cognitive Functions. Controlling Attention with Noise: The Cue-Combination Model of Visual Search. An Attention-Based Model of Learning a Function and a Category in Parallel. Steps Towards Integrated Models of Cognitive Systems: A Levels-of-Analysis. Chapter 5 An Introduction to fMRI F. Gregory Ash Abstract Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides an opportunity to indirectly observe neural activity noninvasively in the human Human language allows us to create an infinitude of ideas from a finite set of basic building blocks. What is the neurobiology of this combinatory system? Research has begun to dissect the neural basis of natural language syntax and semantics analyzing the basics of meaning composition, such as two-word phrases. This work has revealed a system of composition that involves rapidly peaking
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